Though formally diminished, Mao’s influence remained significant as the founder of the state and Party Chairman. In the fallout, Mao’s status within the Chinese Communist Party was reduced to a more ceremonial role, making Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping the President and General Secretary of the Secretariat, respectively. It took place in the immediate backdrop of its first great catastrophe, the Great Leap Forward, Chairman Mao Zedong’s badly mismanaged attempt to rapidly industrialize a largely agrarian society, which produced the greatest famine in human history and killed tens of millions of people. The Cultural Revolution was arguably the second great catastrophe of the People’s Republic of China. The class nature of the Chinese Cultural Revolution Though the ideologies and social context of the two movements differ, the class forces driving them are similar, and a close read of those forces can help illuminate the character and possible destinations for this kind of politics. But it is useful to compare this civic upheaval to another one, the Chinese Cultural Revolution that began in 1966. In some ways, what we are witnessing is unique. The protest movements that have upended American life following the death of George Floyd have stupefied both pundits and ordinary citizens.
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